Just over 3,500 weanling bulls loaded last weekend for Turkey.

The cattle were transported on the Express 1 livestock carrier, which has been inspected by Department of Agriculture marine and veterinary officials and has been approved to carry cattle under EU health and welfare rules.

Key items examined by the officials include space per animal, feeding and bedding arrangements, fresh water drinkers, light and ventilation and suitability of barriers for the size of stock to be carried.

The cattle are brought from assembly yards to Belview Port in haulier trucks.

There are well-planned handling facilities at the port. The aim is to keep cattle calm while loading them on to the boat and avoid risk of injury to cattle handlers.

The lorry ramp leads down to a through passage which then narrows to a race.

Single file means safer passage by the stock, with less pushing or risk of injury, while side sheeting helps to keep the bulls calm.

The loading operation is supervised at all times by Department of Agriculture staff. They check cattle identification via ear tags and passports, as well as health and welfare.

Pens are bedded with barley straw. Drinkers have been cleaned out. They are sturdy but have no sharp edges or corners – important when the boat is moving at sea.

The bulls are penned in their own familiar groups and as a result settle in quickly. They’re matched on age and weight.

The bulls will be fed on hay for the voyage. Being a dry feed it will help keep the pens clean and bedding dry.

Bea den Engelsen Heemskerk, Heemskerk BV, Yasai Yigin, Yilmal Arpac, Polatli-Ankara, cattle buyer and Corstiaan den Engelsen Heemskerk, CEO Heemskerk BV oversee the loading of ship the Express 1 with cattle for export to Turkey. \ Donal O' Leary

The buyers supervised the entire loading operation. Experts in handling stock, they expect the bulls to be healthy on loading and healthy on arrival in Turkey.

The order was put together for Dutch livestock company, Heemskerk BV, owned by Corstiaan and Bea den Engelsen.

The purchaser is Turkish livestock breeder and finisher Yilmaz Arpac, whose farm is located some 80m from the capital Ankara. He supervised the operation, along with colleague Yasai Yigin.

Turkey must import large number of cattle and other livestock to meet the food requirements of its big population. Yilmaz Arpac's company buys cattle in France and South America as well as Ireland.

Irish stock would be more expensive than cattle from South America but are well regarded for their breeding and health.

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