1. Explain the term B.O.D. Biochemical Oxygen Demand.
Answer: B.O.D is the amount of dissolved oxygen consumed by a biological action when a sample of water is kept in the dark for 5 days at 20°C.
2. What are the implications of having a high B.O.D. in slurry?
Answer: High B.O.D means that the slurry has the potential to cause high levels of pollution once it reaches waterways. Fish may be killed and lots of aquatic life will also be killed off. There will be a rancid smell coming from the waterway.
1.Identify two breeds of animals that are exiting the shed. List four bodily characteristics of these animal.
Answer: Limousin or Charolais –
1. Well fleshed,
2. Good conformation,
3. Block shaped,
4. Top and bottom line are parallel.
2. Name the four main gases that are releases during the agitation process
Answer: hydrogen sulphide, methane, ammonia [pungent smell], carbon dioxide.
3. Why are these gases so dangerous?
Answer: Inhaling thses cases can cause death. It’s difficult to smell these gases at high concentrations.
4. State two precautions that should be taken when carrying out the agitation process
Answer:
5. It is suggested that winter slurry has the highest concentration of gases. Why do you think that is?
Answer: The animals are in the shed for a number of months, fed silage and concentrates and so more noxious gases are produced by the micro- organisms in the tank. The slurry hasn’t been disturbed for months.
6.What are the ideal weather conditions to carry out the agitation process?
Answer: windy, breezy conditions.
7. What best practice measures did you observe on this farm around the agitation/slurry spreading process
Answer:
1.Can you suggest three reasons why a bull may be used on a farm?
Answer:
2. From a farm safety point of view a farmer may use A.I. or some heat detection methods. State two advantages and two disadvantages of A.I.
Answer:
3. List three methods of heat detection that a dairy farmer may use on his/her farm.
Answer:
1. Chinball harness.
2. Tail painting.
3. Scratch cards.
Draw a diagram of a crush that is found on a dairy farm. Label on your diagram showing where the cattle exit and enter the crush.
Answer:
List four benefits of having a crush on a farm
Answer:
1. Dose the Animals
2. Tag the animals
3. TB testing
4. Inseminating the animals
5. Hoof pairing
6. Dehorning
7. Scanning the animals
8. Fostering – allowing calves to suckle the foster mother.
1. To which family does Ragwort and Buttercup belong to?
Answer:
2. Chemical control of weeds is control through the use of herbicides. Some herbicides are classified as total herbicides and some are classified as selective herbicides. Distinguish between these two terms that are in italics.
Answer:
3. Name three problems associated with the spraying of herbicides on crops.
Answer:
1. Name two types of compound fertilisers and name two types of straight fertilisers
Answer:
2. What are the implications of spreading excessive amounts of fertilisers on the land?
Answer:
3. Before spreading a fertiliser a soil test needs to carried out on the farm. Describe how a soil test is carried out?
Answer:
4. Some plants have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen into nitrates in the soil. State the name of one plant that can carry out this process and name the process involved.
Answer:
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