Low-input permanent pasture was a popular option in GLAS I and GLAS II. Management of pastures is an important component with appropriate grazing and control of invasive species/weeds and rushes key parameters. Where rushes are present, scheme specifications advise they must be controlled either mechanically through topping or weed wiping/licking, both of which are permitted since 15 July, or by spot spraying.

The permitted level of chemical nitrogen is 40kg/ha annually. Records must be maintained including the date and rate at which fertiliser is being applied. Lime may be applied based on soil analysis results if it has traditionally been spread on low-input parcels.

Pesticide containers

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The Department and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have a seven-step guide for dealing with empty pesticide containers. The first step is triple-rinsing the container in tandem with diluting the mix. The advice is to fill the container with 10% to 20% water, shake vigorously with the cap on and repeat twice ensuring the outside or threads are also washed and checked to see that all residues have been removed.

The container should then be punctured to prevent reuse. The advice thereafter is to purchase a Farm Plastic Recycling Ltd bag from your local co-op or agri-merchant and use this to store the containers and washed caps. The bag should be stored in a safe dry place if waiting to fill with other containers before bringing once filled to an authorised bring centre. The location and dates of bring centres are available on www.farmplastics.ie.

Fencing for tree planting

Where applicants have selected the tree planting measure under GLAS II, it is important to remember that while the deadline for planting a grove of native trees does not fall until 31 March 2017, the area selected must be fenced off by 31 October 2016 regardless of whether trees have been planted or not at that stage. This may need to be taken into account if trees are being planted in an area of marginal soils that may not be readily accessible later in the year if ground conditions deteriorate.