Stemming the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major challenge facing human and animal health. The gravity of the challenge was outlined by Caroline Garvan, senior superintending veterinary inspector at the Department of Agriculture, at the Sheep Expo 2024 conference held at the Bloomfield House Hotel in Westmeath. Patrons at the event sponsored by Irish Country Meats, Elanco, FBD and MSD Animal Health and organised by Bord Bia, Department of Agriculture, the Irish Farmers Journal, Sheep Ireland and Teagasc, were told that a change of behaviour and thinking is required in terms of antibiotic use.